Themes of the End Times (Some Keys for Understanding Apocalyptic Literature)

A. What is Apocalyptic Literature?

Taken from “apokalupsis,” which literally means “unveiling,” in Rev. 1:1

Applied to a genre of writing that was common in John’s day, but is virtually unknown today; biblical examples of apocalyptic besides Revelation include, most especially, the latter half of Daniel; but also Isa. 24-27, 33; much of Ezekiel, e.g. 38-39, 40-48; Joel 2:28-3:21; most of Zechariah; and Christ’s Olivet Discourse (Mat. 24-25, Mark 13)

B. Features of Apocalyptic Literature

Apocalyptic literature has its foundations in the Exodus account, and the ten plagues in particular.

Apocalyptic literature is therefore all about the “big picture” of redemptive history – it shows the epic struggle between Christ and evil, the people of God and the people of the devil.

Apocalyptic literature is focused on eternal destinies, conclusive culminations.

Apocalyptic literature uncovers the heavenly realities and struggles behind earthly events – it lifts the veil covering the things unseen.

Apocalyptic literature makes use of extreme, sometimes bizarre images to to demonstrate spiritual realities.

Apocalyptic literature gives a very black-and-white picture of the world, and holds forth vastly different destinies with great urgency.

Apocalyptic literature employs both figurative visions and figurative expressions; it is both visual and auditory in what it signifies.

Apocalyptic literature has more to do with picture-painting than precise future-telling; it deals with vast, sweeping dramas and epic struggles, not with mathematical formulas and details.

Apocalyptic literature reminds us that the truth is not just intellectual, it is also emotional; just as there are right doctrines and practices, so there are right feelings and affections.

Apocalyptic literature has a primary emphasis on comforting the people of God when their situation seems hopeless, by reminding them of true reality and certain destinies.

C. Discussion Questions

1.Which, if any, of these characteristics are new to you? Which are the most helpful? Do you feel better equipped to understand the apocalyptic portions of the bible after this study?

2.“Apocalyptic literature reminds us that the truth is not just intellectual, it is also emotional.” What do you think of this statement? Can you think of any scripture passages that support it? Why are both sides of the truth (intellectual and emotional, right doctrine and right affections) important? Do you think our culture tends to err by emphasizing one aspect over the other?

3.“Apocalyptic literature has a primary emphasis on comforting the people of God when their situation seems hopeless, by reminding them of true reality and certain destinies.” In what ways do you personally need comfort and courage as you face the sometimes difficult realities of life? Is Pastor Andy’s series through Revelation giving you fresh hope and joy in the gospel? Share the ways in which you have found comfort in Revelation’s message of victory for the saints, and the areas in which you desire prayer for greater faith and hope.

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